Hydraulic jack



Sept 11, 1951 J. P. SQHWARTZ ET AL 2,567,681

HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Feb. 14, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 G5 n s Q 5 @WN fw 'S a l, q`\

Il* Hui! Sept. 11, 1951 J. P. SCHWARTZ ETAL HYDRAULIC JACK f 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 14, 1947 Sept. l1, 1951 J. P. SCHWARTZ ET Al.

HYDRAULIC JACK 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 14, 1947 may Patented Sept. 11, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Y HYDRAULIC" JACK Joseph 1?.-

.lohn McDonald, .Stanley v H.- McDonald, and Thomas J. McDonald, St.

Paul,

6 Cl'is;

; This invention relates to. jacks and has; to do: with hydraulicy jacks specifically intended for use in automobiles; and like vehicles'.A

.,An.y important object: of Vour invention is the` provision ofr a novel .base structure whereby the laz'ytong lifting.l mechanism. will be automaticallyv maintained in centered relation to the base at'all times.

Another ohiectmf our invention is the provision:

of. novelfmeans forsecuring thehydraulic lifting cylinder to the lazyA tonigjlifting mechanism:

wherebythe lifting cylinder will be maintained in; substantially` horizontal positionbetween the limits of movement of the lazy tong mechanism. ahstlll further object otour invention is the` provisionof novel operating handle means and innerfconnecting, linkage Abetween the handle means and the. .li.ft.ne cylinderg v IThe abovean-d. still numerous other objects of oufr invention `Willloecome apparent. from the following detailed specification, appended claims, and attached drawings.`

f Referring to the. drawings, wherein like chanac ters.indicateY likey parts throughout the several views: n

Fignlsl a. perspectiveyiew of our novel jack' mechanism, some parts being. broken away;

glig, 2. is a; vertical axial section through the. jack mechanismsomeparts being' broken away).

,l i`g.` .3 is a. fragmentary detailv 'corresponding to` 2,'. but. showing. a different position of some of thefparts; Y n

Fig.; 4 isa fragmentary sectional detail taken Figi 6`is a transverse section Vtaken on theli'n'e nig; 7 afragmentafyview;panty in endenvation. and partlyi'n section, taken on the" line .Figi 8` i's' an axialsection', takenv through tl'ie"l operating vhandle mechanism;V

Fig 9's avlew in side elevation ofthe operatingfhandle'meansV showing the sameremoved' from. the. jackV mechanism Vand i'r al folded Vp`0s`- tion; andl Fg- .1`0`isfafcrosssectional" View taken on the Referring with 'greater particularity to the:

drawings, We provide. a` pair of laterally spaced lazytongsi each thereof, in. its entirety, identified bythe I nirfneral-y Land each comprising. two pivot.- ally'f-'connectedpairsof crossed links 3la'nd.4. The

crossed( links 3.- are 'pivotally connected,.` as at "5I Fgggt is a transverse section taken on the une l andL crossed are4 pivotallyconnectedz.:l

"tendi'riglongi iidinallfyofth f yl Opposite pairlsfvofn crossed links?.y lower ,ends4 connected by. rneansof.` vpivot p ins |5- and;A 1&6, upon' Whi'cmare jiou-rnalledafoot-acting spacing rollerstl L As shoW n tl 1e spacngrollergs Ig1-iare adapted to` ride u porn and loe4 c :ontainel: vvithinga pair otlaterallyspaceglel'ongated` guide;- w'ays; `YI:8:. preferably. anda-s showngin. the nat re' of". y.cross-seetionally-A circular loops. fijne-: guide- Wavs aresecured by., welding@ otherwise;. t@ ,a base plate i9 having .upturnedioppQSite end'S .28; 'omfacilitate e movement; @vea rough, -terrain-- Guideways I :Bfare prqvidedlwjth transverse k reinfers I1 ride` upon the topdsurfacesr'ofkthellovver; baSefeneag-ineaportiens .Of .the geideway lifend for. reciprocatory Infovernenl',s4 in the cylinder 2`3f`f and consistsof agpist'orff'providedWithfa pisv tojn red ze "which extemis` through me. neadenn 'tlieret'o intermie-Q anchor plates 34 are connected together adjacent their upper ends by a cross member 35 and are pivotally secured, intermediate their ends, to the pivots 1 of both of the lazy tongs I.

At the end of the cylinder 23, opposite the head end thereof, is a closure plate 36, which extends laterally outwardly on either side of the cylinder 23 and is notched to form guide means in the nature of oppositely opening channels 31 which slidably receive the drawbar elements 33. It will be seen that, from this construction, the closure plate 36 and adjacent end of the cylinder 23 are supported by the drawbars 33 in their sliding movements thereon.

A high-pressure pump, indicated in its entirety by the numeral 38, is rigidly secured to the closure plate 36 by means of a tubular nipple 39 and comprises a housing 48 having an axially-extended chamber 4I therein and a piston-acting plunger 42 mounted in the chamber 4| for reciprocal movements. Plunger 42 has a rearwardly-extended free end which projects through a packing gland 43 in the outer end of the housing 40.

A spring-pressed ball check valve 44 is disposed within a passage 45 connecting the chamber 4l of the pump 38 with a pressure chamber end 46 of the cylinder 23. Extending downwardly into the lower portion of the reservoir end 41 of cylinder 23 is a iiuid conduit means in the form of a bent tube 48, which is secured at its upper end in a junction block 49. The junction block is held in position on the cylinder 23 by means of a screw 58 and is provided with a, ller opening that is normally closed by a cap screw I. Communicating with the tube 48 and extending from the junction block 49 to the chamber 4| of the high-pressure pump 38` is a conduit 52. A spring pressed ball check valve 53 (see particularly Fig. 5) normally closes the passage opening from the conduit 52 into the chamber 4 I A reduced, axially-extended pin 54 on the plunger 42 is adapted, under extreme longitudinal movements of the plunger 42, to enter the passage 45 to upset the check valve 44. Simultaneously, the shoulder-forming end 55 of the plunger 42 is adapted to engage the check valve 53 and unseat the same.

-Rigidly secured to and projecting rearwardly from the closure plate 36, below the pump housing 48, is a supporting boss 56. A pair of supporting arms 51 are secured to and carried by the supporting boss 56 by means of inner-connecting pins 58 which are riveted to the spaced arms 51 and clamped to the boss 56 by means of a clamping plate 59 and a nut-equipped clamping screw 68. Riveted, as at 6I, to the spaced supporting arms 51 are a pair of brackets 62. Pivotally secured, as indicated at 63, to the upper ends of supporting brackets 52 are a pair of depending levers 64. Pivotally connected, as indicated at 65, to independent members of the depending levers 64 are a pair of links 66 which, at their outer ends, are pivotally connected together and to the outwardly projecting end of plunger 42 by means of a pin or the like 61. The brackets 62 are maintained in spaced relationship by means of spaced pins 68. At their lower ends, the levers 64 are connected by a pin 69. Pivotally secured to the pin 69, intermediate the levers 64, is a link 18, the outer end of which projects into a split sleeve-like coupling 1 I. The split sleeve-like coupling 1| is pivotally secured between the outer ends of the supporting arms 51, as indicated at 12, on an axis xed with respect to the highpressure cylinder 40. Pivotally secured to the 4 link 18, within the coupling 1| and mounted for reciprocatlon Within the coupling 1|, is a connector 13 in the form of a stub shaft which, at its outer end, is provided with a threaded socket 14. A stop member 15 is secured to one of the pivots 12 between the split coupling 1| and one of the arms 51 (see particularly Figs. 2, 3, and 4).

At its outer end, the coupling 1I is threaded to receive the threaded end 16 of a tubular operating handle 11. As shown in Figs. 1, 8, and 9, the operating handle 11 is made up of two handle sections 18 and 19 which are joined by a threaded coupling 88. The threaded coupling 88 is welded or otherwise permanently secured to the section 19 and has threaded engagement with the section 18.

An operating rod 8|, preferably and as shown, made up of two operating rod sections 82 and 83 hingedly connected together by means of a link 84 (see Figs. 8 and 9), has screw-threaded engagement with the connector 13 and extends longitudinally through the tubular operating handle 11, terminating at its outer end in a. radially extended handle member 85. Link 84 is so situated with respect to the coupling 88 of the operating handle 11 that when the handle section 18 is unscrewed from the handle section 19 and withdrawn slightly therefrom, the operating rod sections 82 and I83 may be folded upon each other, as indicated in Fig. 9. Near its extreme outer end, operating rod section 83 is provided with a hinge block 86, which is journalled for rotation thereon, being limited in forward movement by a cotter key 81 and against rearward movement by means of a sleeve-like casing element 88, which is interposed between said block 88 and the handle member 85. A bifurcated operating lever 89 is pivoted at its intermediate portion to opposite sides of the hinge block 86, as indicated at 98. A pair of link s 9| has one of the ends thereof pivotally secured to one end of operating lever 89, as indicated at 92, and the other end pivotally secured to the operating handle section 19, as indicated at 93. through medium of a yoke 94.

It will be seen that engagement of the pin 69 with the lower edges of the supporting arms 51 denitely limits outward movement of the operating rod 8|, operating lever 89, and plunger 42 within the pump housing 48. Inward movement of the operating lever 89, operating rod 8|. and pump plunger 42 is positively limited by engagement of the hinge block 86 with the outer end of the operating handle section 19. However. the forward limits of movement of the plunger 42 within the pump housing may be varied by shortening and lengthening the operating rod l8|. In other words, the precise length of the rod 8| is determined by the extent to which the threaded end thereof is screwed into the threaded socket 14 of the connector 13. Thus, when the operating rod 8| is screwed fully into the socket 14, as indicated in Fig. 8, the said rod 8| operates to limit the stroke of the pressure plunger 42 to that required to produce a normal pumping structure without upsetting the check valves 44 and 53. Likewise, when the operating rod 8| is lengthened by partially unscrewing the same from the socket 14 to the extent shown in Fig. 3, the pumping stroke of the plunger 42 within the housing 48 is lengthened to the extent that it will unseat check valves 44 and 53 (see Fig. 3). Thus, in effect. the lengthening and shortening of the operating rod 8| within the tubular handle 11 provides an adjustable means asomar r., for stoppingthe forward motion of the plunger 42 in the housing 40;

Operation,

When it is desired to operate the jack' to raise a vehicle or' other object, thev operating handle sections 18 and 19 are screwed together and to the sleeve-like split coupling 1I (see Fig. l) The operating rod 8| is then, by means of the handle member 85, screw-threaded into full engagement with the connector 1'3 (see Fig. 8). then placed under the object to be raised with the" load-carrying plate I3 immediately overlying' the'axle or other portion to be engaged thereby. Manipulation of the bifurcated operating lever 88' will reciprocate the pump plunger 42 in the housing within normal pumping limits. O-n

the outward or suction stroke of the pump vthrough the passage into the pressure chamber 46 of the cylinder 23. Entranceof fluid under pressure into the pressure chamber 46 will force the piston 28 and piston rod 29 toward the head end of the cylinder 23 and thereby cause the drawbars 33 to move longitudinally of the piston 29 to operate the lazy tongs. The mountingk of the cylinder 23 to one of the pairs of crossed links, as at 8', the mounting of the drawbars 33 to the other of the crossed links, as at "I, and thesliding engagement of the drawbars 33 in the oppositely-opening channels 31 of the closure plate 36, cooperate to maintain parallelism between the cy1inder23 and drawbars 33 independently of the plunger 28, 29V throughout the extension and contraction ofthe lazy tongs.

It should be noted that the rolling action of the foot-acting spacer rollers I5 and I6 upon the guideways I8 not only reduces Yfriction to a minimum but automatically assures centering of the pairs of lazy tongs I with respect to the base member I9. This arrangement also assures a vertical disposition of the jack throughout the elongation and contraction of the lazy tongs.

When it is desired to lower the jack mechanism, it is but necessary to rotate the handle member 85 in a direction to partially unscrew the operating rod section 82 from the connector 13 to the extent shown in Fig. 3. The operating lever 88 is then moved in a direction to force the pump plunger 42 against the check valves 44 and r 53 to unseat the same and allow fluid to pass from the pressure chamber 46 through the passage 45, the check valves 44 and 53, and the conduit 52 back to the reservoir end 41 of the piston 43. A minimum weight on the load carrying plate I3 is sufcient to cause contraction of the lazy tongs and movement of the fluid from chamber 46 to the reservoir 41.

The pivotal connection of the tubular handle 11 to the cylinder 23 through means of tubular split coupling 'II and the supporting arms 51 makes it possible to operate the handle and the bifurcated operating lever 89 from a wide range of positions varying from ground level to about 45 degrees therefrom.

While we have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of our invention as required by Section 4888 of the United States Statutes, it should be obvious that the novelty of our structure is such that the same is subject to consider- The jack iS' able modification without departure from thescope of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In a lifting jack mechanism, a plunger equipped lifting cylinder, a; source of fluid, alrighpressure pump cylinder, a pressure plunger working in said pump cylinder, passages connecting. the interior of the pump cylinder to the iiuicll source and to the interior of the lifting cylinder,v an outwardly-opening check valve in the passage between the pump cylinder and lifting cylinder, an inwardly-opening check valve controllingv the' passage between the pump cylinder and the fluid source, said check valves being orientated and arranged to be coincidentally engaged and unseated by the high pressure pump plunger upon advancement of the latter beyond the normal inner limit of its travel, guide means in the. nature of an operating handle4 extending from the jack structure and pivoted thereto on an axis fixed with respect to the high-pressure cylinder, an operating rod extending through and mounted for rotation and axial reciprocation in said guide' means, operating connections between the inner end of the operating rod and the plunger, stop means limiting outward movements of the operating rod and pressure plunger, and means for lengtheningand' shorteningV said operating rod, said operating rod in its shortened condition limiting the stroke of the pressure plunger to that required to produce a normal pumpingV stroke Without unseating the check valvesV and in its lengthened condition permitting advancement of the'pressure plunger to a position whereat it engages and unseats said check valves.

2. The structure defined in claimV 1 inv which said guide means is in the nature of a tubular handle and in which said operatingV rod projectsv outwardly from said tubular handle and terminates in a handle member for rotating said op-l erating rod.

3. In a lifting jack mechanism, a plungerequipped lifting cylinder', aA source of fluid, a highpressure pump cylinder, a pressure plunger work'- ing in said pump cylinder, passages connecting the interior of the pump cylinder to the iluid source and to the interior of the lifting cylinder, an outwardly-opening check valve in the passage between the pump cylinder and lifting cylinder, an inwardly-opening check valve controlling the passage between the pump cylinder and the fluid source, said check valves being orientated and arranged to be coincidentally engaged and unseated by the high pressure pump plunger upon advancement of the latter beyond the normal inner limit of its travel, coupling means extending from the jack structure and pivoted thereto on an axis Xed with respect to the high pressure cylinder, a connector mounted for reciprocation in said coupling means, lever means connecting said connector with said pressure plunger, a tubular handle adapted to be removably secured to said couplin-g, an operating rod mounted for rotation and reciprocation within said tubular handle and adjustably detachably secured to said connector, and stop means for limiting the outward movement of the operating rod and pressure plunger, said operating rod in one condition of adjustment with respect to said connector operating to limit the stroke of the pressure plunger to that required to produce a normal pumping stroke without unseating the check valves and operating in another condition of adjustment with respect to said connector to permit advancement of the pressure plunger to a p'nsiuon' whe-rear if engages and' simultaneously '.tions, -whereby said handle and operating rod sec- Ations may be folded upon themselves when the operating handle sections are disconnected.

5. The structure defined in claim 3 in which said operating rod projects outwardly from the .xfree end of said operating handle and is provided with a handle member adjacent its ex- 'ltreme outer end to facilitate rotation thereof fand in further combination with means forV reciprocating said operating rod in said tubular handle, said means comprising a hinge block rotatively secured to said operating rod for axial movements therewith and positioned between the handle member thereof and the outer end of said tubular member, a pair of links pivotally secured at one of their ends to said tubular handle, and an operating lever pivotally secured intermediate its ends to said hinge block and at one of its ends to the other ends of said links.

6. In a lifting jack mechanism, a plungerequipped lifting cylinder, a source of fluid, a highpressure pump cylinder, a pressure plunger working in said pump cylinder, passages connecting the interior of the pump cylinder to the iiuid source and to the interior of the lifting cylinder, a check valve in the passage between the pump cylinder and lifting cylinder opening in the direction of the lifting cylinder, a check valve controlling the passage between the pump cylinder and the uid source and opening in the direction of the pump cylinder, said check valves being orientated and arranged to be coincidentally engaged and unseated by the high-pressure pump plunger upon advancement of the latter beyond the normal inner limit of its travel, a tubular handle extending from the jack structure and pivoted thereto on an axis xed with respect to the high-pressure cylinder, an operating rod extending through and mounted for rotation and' axial reciprocation in said tubular handle, operating connections between the inner end of the operating rod and the plunger, stop means limiting outward movement of the operating rod and pressure plunger, stop means limiting inward movement of the operating rod and pressure plunger, means for varying the length of the stroke of said operating rod and pressure plunger from that required to produce a normal pumping stroke Without unseating the check Valves to a length to permit advancement of the pressure plunger to engage and unseat the check valves, said means comprising an exten- 1 sible connection between said operating rod and.

said plunger, and a handle on the free end of said operating rod for causing extending and retracting movements to be imparted to said' connection.

JOSEPH P. SCHWARTZ. JOHN P. MCDONALD. STANLEY H. MCDONALD. THOMAS J. MCDONALD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,349,801 Alsten Aug. 17, 1920 1,590,849 Nilsen June 29, 1926' 1,664,579 Twyman Apr. 3, 1928 1,709,000 Bolens Apr. 16, 1929 1,745,067 Torrance Jan. 28, 1930 1,869,687 Hart Aug. 2, 1932 1,880,732 Bolens Oct. 4, 1932 1,954,558 Conrad Apr. 10, 1934 2,100,564 Mandi Nov. 30, 1937 2,121,861 Dickerson June 28, 1938 2,213,285 Nilson Sept. 3, 1940 2,359,060 Strom Sept. 26, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 153,904 Switzerland July 1, 1932 199,626 Switzerland Feb. 1, 1949 286,998 Great Britain Mar. 15, 1928 Germany Apr. 4, 1921 

